What is a FICO® Score, How is It Calculated | Equifax (2024)

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Highlights:

  • FICO scores are used by some lenders to help determine your likelihood of paying bills on time

  • FICO has many different scoring models

  • FICO scores are calculated using information in your credit reports

Fair Isaac Corporation created FICO scores. There are many different versions of the FICO score based on different scoring models.FICO scores useinformation in your credit report to help determine your likelihood of paying bills on time. Lenders often use FICO scores to help decide if they will extend credit to consumers.

FICO scores, as well as credit scores other companies calculate using different models, can predict similar types of risk. It'simportant to remember that because different FICO scores and other credit scores were createdusing different scoring models, the scores may not be identical. Different credit score models have different formulas and calculations (often called algorithms) that use data differently to help predict a person’s likelihood to repay bills on time.

Although FICO has many different scoring models, it uses relative percentage weights to help determine how much impact certain factors will have in helping determine a FICO credit score. The main categories considered area person’s payment history (35%), amounts owed (30%), length of credit history (15%), new credit accounts (10%), and types of credit used (10%).

FICO scores are available from each of the three major credit bureaus, based on information contained in consumers’ credit reports. Because there are different FICO scoring models and different credit bureaus, consumer credit scores may differ depending on which bureau's credit report and which FICO score model is used.

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FAQs

What is a FICO® Score, How is It Calculated | Equifax? ›

The main categories considered are a person's payment history (35%), amounts owed (30%), length of credit history (15%), new credit accounts (10%), and types of credit used (10%). FICO scores

FICO scores
The FICO Mortgage Score and FICO Score XD 2 are between 300 and 850. Higher scores indicate lower credit risk. Experian classifies FICO credit scores lower than 580 as very poor, 580–669 as fair, 670–739 as good, 740–799 as very good, and 800–850 as exceptional.
https://en.wikipedia.org › Credit_score_in_the_United_States
are available from each of the three major credit bureaus, based on information contained in consumers' credit reports.

How is your FICO score determined? ›

FICO Scores are calculated using many different pieces of credit data in your credit report. This data is grouped into five categories: payment history (35%), amounts owed (30%), length of credit history (15%), new credit (10%) and credit mix (10%).

What is the difference between a credit score and a FICO score? ›

A credit score is a three-digit number that measures your financial health and how well you manage credit and debt. FICO scores are a specific type of score that lenders can use when making borrowing decisions. The FICO credit scoring system is the most widely used credit score.

Is FICO my actual credit score? ›

Is "credit score" the same as "FICO® score"? Basically, "credit score" and "FICO® score" are all referring to the same thing. A FICO® score is a type of credit scoring model. While different reporting agencies may weigh factors slightly differently, they are all essentially measuring the same thing.

What is an acceptable FICO score? ›

Although ranges vary depending on the credit scoring model, generally credit scores from 580 to 669 are considered fair; 670 to 739 are considered good; 740 to 799 are considered very good; and 800 and up are considered excellent.

What builds your FICO Score? ›

Your payment history makes up 35% of your FICO® Score, so making sure that you pay your credit and bills on time is a big deal. Late payments on things like credit cards, mortgages, auto loans, or student loans can significantly impact your score.

Why is my FICO score higher than my credit score? ›

Why is my FICO score higher than my other credit scores? Every credit-scoring model is different. And credit scores can change based on what credit report is used to inform the model. Those variances can make some scores higher or lower than others.

Is FICO usually higher or lower than Credit Karma? ›

Your Credit Karma score should be the same or close to your FICO Score, which is what any prospective lender will probably check. The range of your credit score (such as “good” or “very good”) is more important than the precise number, which will vary by source and edge up or down often.

Does getting FICO score hurt credit? ›

Checking your credit reports or credit scores will not impact credit scores. Regularly checking your credit reports and credit scores is a good way to ensure information is accurate. Hard inquiries in response to a credit application do impact credit scores.

What things lower FICO scores? ›

11 Actions That Can Lower Your Credit Score
  • Making Late Payments. ...
  • Using Too Much Credit. ...
  • Applying for Too Many Credit Accounts. ...
  • Closing Credit Accounts. ...
  • Having Your Credit Limit Lowered. ...
  • Defaulting on a Loan. ...
  • Cosigning on a Loan That Becomes Delinquent. ...
  • Accounts in Collections.
Apr 17, 2023

What is a good FICO Score to buy a house? ›

It's recommended you have a credit score of 620 or higher when you apply for a conventional loan. If your score is below 620, lenders either won't be able to approve your loan or may be required to offer you a higher interest rate, which can result in higher monthly mortgage payments.

Can my bank tell me my FICO score? ›

Many credit card companies, banks and loan companies have started providing credit scores for their customers. It may be on your statement, or you can access it online by logging into your account. Purchase credit scores directly from one of the three major credit bureaus or other provider, such as FICO.

Is a 900 credit score possible? ›

Highlights: While older models of credit scores used to go as high as 900, you can no longer achieve a 900 credit score. The highest score you can receive today is 850. Anything above 800 is considered an excellent credit score.

What is the average American's credit score? ›

Credit scores help lenders decide whether to grant you credit. The average credit score in the United States is 705, based on VantageScore® data from March 2024.

What habit lowers your credit score? ›

Not paying your bills on time or using most of your available credit are things that can lower your credit score. Keeping your debt low and making all your minimum payments on time helps raise credit scores. Information can remain on your credit report for seven to 10 years.

What is a good FICO score for my age? ›

Consider yourself in “good” shape if your credit score is above the average for people in your age group. Given that the average credit score for people aged 18 to 26 is 680, a score between 680 and 690 (the average for people aged 27 to 42) could be considered “good.”

What makes FICO Score go up? ›

Pay bills on time

Making payments on time to your lenders and creditors is one of the biggest contributing factors to your credit scores—making up 35% of a FICO Score calculation. Past problems like missed or late payments are not easily fixed.

Is age a factor in someone's FICO Score? ›

Factors like your age, state, and income level don't actually affect your credit score. Yet there are correlations between average credit score and age, state, and how much you make. For example, the older the age group, the higher the average credit score. Credit score averages tend to rise with income levels, too.

What does your FICO Score start at? ›

Having no credit score is not the same as having a zero credit score. While the starting point of VantageScore and FICO credit scores is 300, starting this low is unlikely unless you demonstrate very poor credit management skills.

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