Management Investment Company: What it is, How it Works (2024)

What Is a Management Investment Company?

A management investment company is a type of investment company that manages publicly issuedfund shares.

Management investment companies can manage both open-end funds and closed-end funds.

Understanding Management Investment Companies

A management investment company manages capital for clients through pooled funds. U.S. investment market legislation has classified investment companies into three categories under the Investment Company Act of 1940. Section Four of the 1940 Act breaks down the classification of companies as:

  1. Face-amount certificate company
  2. Unit investment trust
  3. Management (investment) company

Key Takeaways

  • A management investment company is a type of investment company that manages publicly issued fund shares.
  • Management investment companies can manage both open-end funds and closed-end funds.
  • Open-end funds do not have a designated number of shares available for trading; closed-end funds offer a specific number of shares to the market.

Section Five of the 1940 Act provides further details on management investment companies. Management investment companies can be either open-end or closed-end companies. Section Five of the 1940 Act also further outlines these companies by diversified and non-diversified companies.

Open-End and Closed-End

Management investment companies issue shares of funds from pooled investment. Investors buy shares of funds that incur sales commission charges as well as operational expenses. Funds management investment companies manage must comply with U.S. securities regulations. Regulations support fair market activities, investor education, and transparency.

The funds managed by management investment companies trade on exchanges or through open-end management companies and are known as publicly traded investments. Management investment companies offer investors publicly traded pooled fund investments in a broad range of standard and complex investment strategies.

Within the management investment company universe, the largest investment companies in the U.S. include BlackRock, Vanguard, State Street Global Advisors, Fidelity, and Bank of New York Mellon Investment Management.

Open-End Funds

Open-end management investment companies manage open-end funds. They can be offered as either a mutual fund or exchange-traded fund (ETF). Open-end funds do not have a designated number of shares available for trading. The management investment company can issue and redeem shares of open-end mutual funds and ETFs at their discretion.

Open-end mutual funds are known to offer a range of share classes. Open-end management investment companies structure share classes with different fees that investors must pay when transacting with an intermediary. Open-end mutual funds do not trade on a market exchange; they're transacted through the mutual fund company. Transactions are processed at the fund’s next reported net asset value, also known as the forward price.

Exchange-traded funds are traded daily on exchanges. Exchange-traded funds can trade at a discount or premium to their NAV. They may also trade at par value. Management investment company authorized participants actively monitor ETF prices and exchange trading with the ability to create and redeem shares at their discretion to manage the price of an ETF.

Closed-End Funds

Closed-end management investment companies manage closed-end funds. They offer a specific number of shares to the market in an initial public offering. Closed-end management investment companies do not create or redeem shares following the public offering. Closed-end funds trade daily on exchanges. They are known to trade at a discount or premium to their NAV.

Diversified and Non-Diversified

In addition to discussing open-end and closed-end management investment companies, Section Five of the 1940 Act also explains diversified and non-diversified management investment companies. Diversified management investment companies have assets that fall within the 75-5-10 rule.

A 75-5-10 diversified management investment company will have 75% of its assets in other issuers and cash, no more than 5% of assets in any one company, and no more than 10% ownership of any company's outstanding voting stock. Any management investment company not falling within the 75-5-10 rule is considered a non-diversified management investment company.

Management Investment Company: What it is, How it Works (2024)

FAQs

How does an investment management company work? ›

Investment management firms take on all the effort of creating an investment portfolio for their clients and open up new investment opportunities that wouldn't otherwise be available. Investment management firms work for all different types of client. Some focus on wealthy individual investors.

What is a management investment company? ›

A management investment company is a type of investment company that manages publicly issued fund shares. Management investment companies can manage both open-end funds and closed-end funds.

How can you describe investment management? ›

Investment management definition

Investment management is the maintenance of an investment portfolio, or a collection of financial assets. It can include purchasing and selling assets, creating short- or long-term investment strategies, overseeing a portfolio's asset allocation and developing a tax strategy.

What is the main goal of investment management? ›

Investment managers work with investors' money to help them reach their financial goals. They come up with ways to allocate stocks and bonds that align with the client's goals, buy and sell investments when necessary, oversee the performance of the portfolio and report results back to their clients.

How do investment management firms make money? ›

How Do Investment Management Firms Make Money? Investment managers charge a fee for their services. The exact fee structure depends on the manager and the client's needs: most will charge a small percentage of the client's assets, a share of the annual gains, or an annual fee.

How do investment companies work? ›

An investment company can be a corporation, partnership, business trust, or limited liability company (LLC) that pools money from investors on a collective basis. The money pooled is invested, and the investors share any profits and losses incurred by the company according to each investor's interest in the company.

How much money is in investment management? ›

‍Advisor (Management) Fees

The industry typically refers to this as an investment management fee and averages between 1-2% of assets (i.e. A $100,000 investment could cost you between $1,000 - $2,000 annually).

What is the best investment management company? ›

Insider Intelligence has put together a list of the top investors and wealth management companies — Betterment, Vanguard, Moneyfarm, Robinhood, Advizr, Nutmeg, Wealthfront, Habito, Hydrogen, Sigfig, Scalable Capital, Mint, Wealthsimple, and Charles Schwab.

What is the purpose of a management company? ›

A management company is a business that was created to handle specific resources owned by a fund, it is usually managed by a team of experts. The management companies provide services to their clients.

How do investment managers get paid? ›

Investment managers may meet with clients individually, or if managing the investments of a large business, the relevant financial team members at each company. Their fee is often based on a percentage of client assets under management (AUM).

Why would someone want to work in investment management? ›

Investment Management is an industry demanding highly analytical and dedicated individuals. In return it provides a challenging and stimulating environment where high calibre candidates can thrive in a fast paced environment.

What is risk in investment management? ›

All investments involve some degree of risk. In finance, risk refers to the degree of uncertainty and/or potential financial loss inherent in an investment decision. In general, as investment risks rise, investors seek higher returns to compensate themselves for taking such risks.

What is the primary goal of an investment company? ›

The primary goal of an investment company is keeping and managing the securities for investment objectives while offering a range of funds and investment servicing to the public. Investment companies take a serious part in managing funds and making them available to investors.

Why investment management is good? ›

Investment management is a powerful tool to help you achieve your financial goals. The right strategy can reduce your stress and help you gain an edge over the stock market. Investing requires deep knowledge and understanding of specific markets, but many options exist to make life easier.

What is investment management strategy? ›

The term investment strategy refers to an investors plan to guide their investment decisions. According to Investopedia "Investment strategies can differ greatly from a rapid growth strategy where an investor focuses on capital appreciation to a safety strategy where the focus is on wealth protection.

What percentage do investment managers take? ›

The management fee varies but usually ranges anywhere from 0.20% to 2.00%, depending on factors such as management style and size of the investment. Investment firms that are more passive with their investments generally charge a lower fee relative to those that manage their investments more actively.

How do investment management fees work? ›

Management fees are the cost of having an investment fund professionally managed by an investment manager. The management fees may or may not cover not only the cost of paying the managers but also the costs of investor relations and any administrative costs.

Can I start an investment management company? ›

First and foremost, you'll need to obtain the proper licenses and registrations. Depending on the type of investment firm you want to start, this can be a lengthy and expensive process. Once you have the necessary licenses, you'll need to find office space and hire staff.

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