What is ESG (Environmental, social and governance?
ESG stands forEnvironmental,Social, andGovernance. It encapsulates several standards that measure how an organisation’s activities contribute to sustainable, viable development, and how that organisation minimises its negative impacts on the planet, its people, and itself.
It also measures an organisation’s transparency and accountability, and is used as a framework to ascertain whether an organisation is financially viable and stable.
ESG considerations are:
- How much does the organisation care about environmental concerns?
- How well does it reflect and support society?
- How well run is the organisation?
ESG covers a variety of topics within each category:
| Environmental | Social | Governance |
|---|---|---|
| Climate change | Working conditions | organisation ethics |
| Direct and indirect greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) | Equal opportunities | Executive pay |
| Carbon emissions from fossil fuels | Fair wages | Board diversity and structure |
| Resource depletion | Employee relations | Management diversity and structure |
| Waste management and pollution | Employee diversity, equity and inclusion, and belonging (DEIB) | Bribery and corruption |
| Water and energy efficiency | Human rights | Political contributions and lobbying |
| Deforestation | Health and safety | Investment choices |
| Biodiversity loss | Modern slavery | Taxation strategy |
| Animal welfare | Child labor | Compliance and due diligence |
| Local community involvement | Data security | |
| Philanthropic initiatives |
ESG is also a step up from corporate social responsibility (CSR):
CSR is how individual organisations choose to run their organizations sustainably, e.g. via internal green initiatives and community participation.
ESG on the other hand, takes a deeper look at the above factors and assesses organisations to decide whether they’re worth investing in from growth, sustainability and risk perspectives.
But what do we mean by ESG investment?
What is ESG investing?
ESG investing is also known as:
- sustainable investing
- socially responsible investing
- impact investing and
- ethical investing
ESG funds are mutual funds graded using environmental, social, and governance principles. ESG funds are not individual stocks.
ESG is not new — Muslims, Quakers, and Methodists set up and have used investment funds that chime with their ethical and religious beliefs for years, but now it’s set to become the new normal.
In the capital markets, institutional investors realise the value of socially responsible investing, and in recent years, consumers have changed their behaviour to embrace sustainability. They want to make greener choices, recycle more and waste less. They are increasingly interested in social and environmental criteria.
ESG investing focuses on choosing organisations that are committed to these sustainable, responsible, and transparent practices and adding them to the investment portfolio. As such, ESG investing has seen huge growth as investors in mutual funds rush to include organisations that tick all the environmental, social, and governance boxes.
Start making data-driven decision on ESG objectives
Why does ESG investing matter?
The times when organisations could do as they wanted while disregarding environmental, social, and governance consequences are fading. Now, an organisation is judged not only for what it does but how it does it. And while the investment industry and consumers expect a organisation to tread lightly on the world, employees, customers, consumers, legislators, and regulators demand it.
The hard, cold fact that climate change-related weather events are expected tocost organisations $1.3 trillion by 2026has jolted many investors into taking notice of ESG factors.
Without organisations’ commitment to change, achieving sustainability and prosperity is impossible. Many are deciding to opt for sustainability not just because it’s the right thing to do for the environment and community, but also because it makes good organization sense. If organisations want to stay ahead of the competition as well as contribute to the common good, they’ll need to adopt ESG criteria.
The good news is that ESG is being taken seriously. In 2020, the following organisations had ESG initiatives in place:
- 88% of publicly traded organisations
- 79% of venture and private equity-backed organisations
- 67% of privately owned organisations
ESG funds are different from traditional funds because they:
- Constantly monitor performance to assess organisation sustainability
- Measure financial performance and stability in the market
- Invest in industries and organisations that meet all the ESG criteria
How does ESG work?
No longer do modern investors rely on an organisation’s balance sheet to appreciate organisation value. ESG considerations provide a much broader view of non-financial factors, such as risks and opportunities that the balance sheet cannot show. Because every organization is unique, it would be impossible to create comparable ESG profiles across all organisations and industries. This is where ESG scores come in.
What are ESG scores?
In the same way that a person’s credit score shows how financially solvent they are, ESG scores rate how robust an organisation is when exposed to ESG risks.
ESG analytics take into account those environmental, social, and governance risks that don’t feature in traditional financial analysis: health and safety, DEI, energy consumption, and so on. Although these carry significant financial consequences, traditionally they were disregarded in favour of the profit and loss account.
Not anymore. It’s now possible to evaluate all the environmental, social, and governance factors together and produce one rating that ESG investors can use, along with financial analysis, for making investment decisions.
What is a good ESG score?
While there are several ESG rating systems, two of the most prominent are the Bloomberg ESG Scores, which rates organisations from 1 (worst) to 100 (best), and the MSCI ESG Rating, which uses a rules-based methodology to identify industry leaders and laggards.
The MSCI ESG Rating measures an organisation’s exposure to ESG risks and how well they manage those risks. Their ratings range from AAA, AA (leaders) to average (A, BBB, BB), to laggards (B, CCC). They also rate equity and fixed income securities, loans, mutual funds, ETFs and countries.
As for third-party options,according to InfoGrid, most ESG scoring methodologies range from 1 (worst) to 100 (best), with organisations scoring 70 and above considered “good”. Others use a letter-based scoring mechanism.
A breakdown of ESG scoring could be as follows:
- Excellent: a score of 70+ – the organisation is following all ESG best practices and the organisation has few, if any, internal or external risks.
- Good: the organisation is following ESG best practices and has a low impact on people or the environment.
- Average: the organisation is unlikely to meet ESG benchmarks or meaningful ESG targets.
- Poor: a score of less than 50 – the organisation is following no best ESG practices, it’s probably negatively impacting the planet, and is not treating its employees or suppliers well.
Why do ESG scores matter?
Clearly, an organisation that achieves an Excellent ESG score is an attractive proposition for investors. It will have:
- Fewer liabilities and ESG issues
- A great brand reputation
- Good stakeholder relations
- Engaged employees
- Low turnover
- Satisfied customers
Conversely, a Poor ESG score is indicative of an organisation with:
- Potential environmental, social, and governance liabilities
- A questionablebrand reputation
- Disengaged employees, with poor mental health and lowdiversity, equity and inclusion
- Highemployee turnover
- Customer churn
- Potentially rising poverty levels in the organisation’s locale
What is the return on ESG investing (ROI) for organisations?
When investment professionals choose socially responsible ESG investing, they soon discover that ESG funds deliver a healthy financial return on investment in many different ways:
More customers
In the 21st century, consumers are being more selective about where they choose to spend their money — and it’s often with more environmentally and socially responsible organisations. According to research from Forbes, 62% of Gen Z customersprefer to buy from sustainable brands, and87% of consumers said they will buy a product because an organisation advocated for an issue they cared about. Closer ties with the local community help you engage with potential customers and suppliers.
Increased brand awareness and value
There’s a clear link between brand strength and an organisation’s sustainability practices, and customers are increasingly seeking out those that uphold good environmental, social, and governance initiatives. According to data from Bain & organization, the brands that scored highest on sustainability generated five times the revenue growth of those scoring lowest — great news for ESG investors.
More top-line growth
By offering more sustainable products and establishing a stronger ESG reputation — as above — organisations can attract more B2B and B2C customers. The reality is that people want to work for and buy from organizations that have sustainability, good corporate governance, and social responsibility (and needs) at the heart of what they do. These organisations are good investments.
Fewer expensive regulatory and legal problems
When organisations operate sustainably, they not only have fewer governance issues and reduce the risk of being fined for not adhering to legislation, but they also gain more support from governments and subsidiaries, while having the opportunity to exercise more strategic freedom (as more avenues open).
Better employee experiences
Anecdotally, during the pandemic and with the rise in demand for social justice, we have seen a shift in employees wanting to work for more purpose and value-driven organisations. They want to work for outfits that not just reflect their values, but demonstrate them. However, this is no longer just anecdotal evidence — our research shows the same, too.
We found that there were significantly higher levels of engagement, inclusion and well-being where there were positive perceptions of the organisation’s performance on ESG factors.
When organisations care about the world around them, they naturally work to improve the employee experience, too. To be sustainable, organisations must ensure that employees not only feel safe and secure in their roles, but also proud of the organisation they work for.
More and more employees are dedicating themselves to the cause of ensuring the well-being of communities and societies across the globe, and they’re holding their organieations accountable for their contributions towards these efforts.
The pros and cons of ESG
| Pros of ESG | Cons of ESG |
|---|---|
| Sustainable funds achieve returns as good as, if not better than traditional funds. | It has to be tailored to fit your organisation. You’ll have to decide where to focus your initiatives – there’s no ESG manual |
| Rapid growth: customers are attracted by the more sustainable products and services offered by organisations with high ESG ratings | It has to be authentic. You must embrace ESG and mean it – it cannot be used as a marketing ploy or dipped in and out of. |
| ESG investing drives further investment into ethical practices | No organisation has 100% perfect ESG. You have to choose which issues are most important to you and align with those funds. |
| ESG-driven organisations often perform better on the stock market. They take more calculated risks, over longer terms, and are safer for investors | While ESG organisations are often strong performers on the stock market, this is not always guaranteed |
| Cost-cutting. Good ESG practices reduce operating expenses, waste, and recruitment costs for organisations invested in. | ESG fund fees are higher than traditional funds because managers need to do more ESG research to keep the fund on track with your values |
ESG strategies
An ESG strategy is your plan to meet your ESG goals and make your organisation investable. A good ESG strategy demonstrates those environmental, social, and governance factors that your organisation leaders believe to be important for your organisation operations – both now and in the future.
Done well, yourESG strategywill give you a competitive advantage by fulfilling pre-tender and contractual obligations. It will also highlight your responsible approach to stakeholder well-being, governance requirements, and environmental issues such as greenhouse gas emissions and climate change.
Hop over tothis more detailed articlefor 10 steps to develop an ESG strategy for success.
The key to ESG success
It all starts with listening. When organisations have the right experience management platforms andlistening tools in place, they can understand the perspectives of all key stakeholders — their employees, customers and consumers. Understanding these perspectives and what motivates people — as well as having that information in one place — enables organisations to take targeted actions that can improve the overall experiences of key stakeholders.
From the key drivers of ESG: diversity, inclusion, well-being to equity, professional development, and more, employee experience management and listening tools are the foundation of future ESG success.
The Qualtrics ESG solution provides the standards for a data-driven approach to meeting ESG objectives. We use the World Economic Forum’s four pillars as core metrics, aligning the SDG goals and targets to each one:
Using the Qualtrics ESG solution, you will:
Understand— in one place — how your organisation is performing on each of the key targets from the perspective of your employees, customers, and consumers
Learnwhat drives ESG perception and what matters most to your employees, customers, and consumers
Find out how you stack up against other organisations
Identifythe most significant actions that will help bring about genuine change and contribute towards sustainability and overall improvements.
If you want to find out more about the Qualtrics ESG solution, as well as how you can use it to gather the perspectives of key stakeholders to make data-driven decisions on ESG objectives, check it out using the link below.
